Although the traditional model of cervical lesions has played a positive role in basic diagnosis and surgical training, it still has obvious shortcomings in the simulation of disease progression, dynamic feedback and personalized treatment plan. In modern medical education, high simulation models based on virtual reality, augmented reality and dynamic feedback can effectively fill this gap, and help students better understand the complexity of cervical lesions and improve their diagnosis and treatment level by simulating the evolution of different disease courses. Therefore, the future teaching model of cervical lesions should gradually shift to a more simulated, personalized and dynamic direction to better meet the clinical needs and educational